longwoete



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Shet '1.

D. LONGW-ORT-H.

POWER HAMMER. V i

No. 498,354. Patented May 30,1893.

m: "cams wmns co. PHcrro-Lrmc; w mmm'm, a, c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

D. LONGWORTH.

POWER HAMMER.

f Patented May 30, 1893.

Tn: norms Pzrzns e0, Moro-Limo" wAsummcm, n c.

D, LONGWORTHg- 4 Sheets-Sheet 8.

(No ModL) POWER HAMMER.

No. 498,354. Patented May 30, 1893.

q 5 At ma norms PCTiRS co, wm'mrmov. wnsnlncn' ou. o c.

DANIEL LoNeWoRT OF-QLIOKNDION, ENGLAND.

POWER-HAMME srnoxrxce'rron forming. part of as ratent'mj49a354, dated May, 30,1893. 7 7 Application filed May ZO, 1891. Serial No. 393,499. (No model.) Patented in England July-14,1890, No- 10,963.

To aZZ whom it maycon oernlj Be it known that I; DANIEL 'LONGWORTH, a a

' subject of the Queen of Great Britain,.resid-' ing at London, England, have invented'new and useful Improvements in Power-Hammers or Stamps, (patented in Great BritainfNol 10,963, dated July 14:, 1890,) of which the'fol-T lowing isa specification. i

My invention relates to power hammers or' stamps actuated by rotary shafts, andcom prises improvements whereby such hammers or stamps are rendered more' efficient than heretofore.

According to my invention the :mo'tion of the crank-shaft is communicated tothe rod carrying the hammer (which rod is hereinafg ter referred to as the hammer-rod) through the medium of a" lever pivoted on the frame of the machine, andv connected at one end to the pin of the crankthrough the mediumlof a sliding sleeve and'at theotherbymeans of links to a cross-head sliding on the hammer- I rod and carrying a cylinder which for con venience I will'term acushioning cylinder, within which isa piston secured to theham- Jner-rod, the said piston with the hammerfrod serving as guides for the said cushioning-cyL inder. The pivot-pinor fulcrum upon which the lever oscillates or-rocksv is adapted to be placed in one or other of two or more sets of holes for adjusting the stroke of thehammen. For regulating the force of the 'blowsdeliv ered by the hammer, during the operation of;

the machine, a cylinder which I will term a controlling-cylinder'is fixed to the framing andcontrolling cylinder is a series of passages.

controlled by a valve in sucha manner that all the said passages can be closed or one ormore opened as required.

To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate my improvements applied to a pneumatic hammer.

i Figure l is asectional front elevation, and V Fig. 2 a section outhe line a; in Figjl and Fig.2? a detailofa portion'of Fig'. 2,'shaded. Fig.3 is a sectional view illustrating a detail of construction. Fig. lis a view illustrating a.

modification;

g a is the framing or the machine, and b is framing and carrying belt pulleys .c, c", the

the crank-shaft supported in;bearings in the g I belt running uponwhich is, as shown, def signed tobe shifted by the workman by means 1 1 of the .belt leverld and. foot-lever'd', but which maybe shifted by hand in the usual manner. v

zeis theilever pivoted in the framing upon the pin or fulcrumf, and gis the'sleeve sliding upon the said lever'at one'end nected to the pin 1) of the crank b."

' h,'h are the links connected to the other" end of the lever e and to the cross-headt' which the sidesund'erfifianges 11', don the said crossh'are out of; a vertical linewill not be com"- municated to the cushioning-cylinderin such almanner as to increase the'friction between it and 'the hammer-rod. 'lhe'collar Z may be screwedfupon the neck of ,the';cushioningcylinder'l and furnished with a lock-nut l, as

hand working in the cushioning-cylinder Z. In the cushioning-cylinderl are holes "1 and con- 70.1 fits and slides upon the rod kcarrying the hammer k andlis the 'cushiOning-cylinden; p Q a collar-Z on the neck of which-engages at .head, while the front and back are left free," as Sh() W I1 'l Il' Fig.3, so thatthe lateral strain. 1 imparted to thecross-headwhen the links h,"

which serve to admit air aboveand below the piston m to form the usual elasticcushion when'working, the said holes being placed in a recess, which, when necessary, is 1 covered with'fine wire-gauze For other suitable material to filter the air.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that, when the lever e is rocked,

a reciprocating up and down movement will be impartedtothe hammer-rod It through the medium of the links 71, h, the cross-head 71,1118 cushioning-cylinder Z and the piston m. As

the links it, h are very long relatively to the stroke of the rocking-lever e very little lateral strain is imparted to the cross-head z'and, as the said cross-head is not rigidly connected to the collar Z of the cushioning-cylinder, no lateral strain is imparted to the said cushioning-cylinder Z. The latter therefore impar's no lateral pressure to the piston m or ham mer-rod, 70, whereby packing and packing glands for the hammer-rod k, and external guides for the body or neck of the cushion-' ing-cylinderl can be dispensed with, the said cushioning-cylinder Z being guided solely by the piston m and hammer-rod k. If thelinks h, h are made so long relative to the stroke of the rocking-lever e that, practically, no lateral strain is imparted to the cross-head 11, the latter can be secured directly to the neck of the cushioning-cylinder Z. I

n, 97. and n, n are two sets of holes made in the framing a of the machine and corresponding holes are made in the rocking-lever e,these holes being in a line corresponding with the lowest position of therocking lever. Y To alter the stroke of the said rocking-lever the fulcrum-pin f is withdrawn from one setof holes and placed in another set, a pin 0 being placed in the holes 19, p in the lever and frame to hold therocking-leverein position while the change is being efiected. The dotted lines q, q indicate the range of movement of the rocking-lee ver when the pin isin the holes at, n, and n, n

respectively. Or, to be more explicit, the rock-,

ing levere. being in itslowest position, that isto say,in the position shown in Fig. 2., the holes 01.. in the framing then correspond with one of the holes inthelever e; and the holes 11.. in

the framing correspond with theother hole in a the lever e., while a third hole intheframing correspondswith a hole 19. in the lever 6.; that is to saygthe three holes in the leverare all in line, and when the lever, is in the position shown in. Fig. 2., are opposite to corresponding holes in the framing. If now, it be desired to shift the fulcrum pin f. from the holes n. into those shown in Fig. 2. and marked 1.,the first operation is to take out from the fulcrum pin f. the pin 0; which normally prevents the said fulcrum pin from slipping out of position. The said pin 0. having been removed from the fulcrum pin, is introduced through the hole in the framing, into the hole 13. in the lever. The fulcrum pin f. can now be withdrawn, the lever 6. being prevented from shifting owing to the fact that the pin 0. is passed through the framing into the hole 19. The fulcrum pin f. having been removed from the hole 92., can he introduced through the framing into the holes in the le ver, to alter its length of throw.

0' is the piston working in the controlling cylinder attached rigidly to the hammer-rod k, and s is the controlling cylinder attached to the framing a of the machine, the ham merrod, as shown, passing through the said cylinder. This controlling cylinder has, at its lower end, a long bearing 3 for the hammerver d. or to a separate foot-lever.

ward motion of the hammerk'.

the holes a, a are closed by the valve o the -rod 70, which bearing 8' may be furnished with a stuffing-box and packing gland when necessary. The upper end of the cylinder 3 is in communication with the atmosphere through openings 8 3 under the cover 3 and the lower end is provided with anairinlet 25 having avalve t. A series of air-inlet holes or openings is formed in the walls of the cylinder 8 at a point a little below the piston r when the latter is at the top of the stroke,the said openings 29, with the opening t, serving to admit air under the piston during its upward stroke. The holes t arenot furnished with valves and, when the stroke of the hammer is short, the inlet openingt and valve 25 may be dispensed with-, the inlet holes or openings :5 alone being used to admit air under the piston 1'. l I

' In a chamber or boxu, forming part of r or attached to the cylinder 8 and connected thereto by a series of passages u, u at various heights from the bottom of the cyli'w der,.is placed a slide-valve o. This slidevalve is shown as connected by means of rods and levers o, n n '0 to a hand-lever 'v nm der the control of the workmamlbut it may be connected, when required, to thefoot-le- The said slide-valve is also shown as of the solid piston ty'pe,bu-t any other typeof slide-valve may be employed without departing from the nature of this invention. When thesaidslide-valve o is in its highest position it covers and closes the outer ends of all theholes tion, it uncovers the outlet of all. theholes which are then free to communicate withthe atmosphere through openings n a under Whemduring the up ward stroke of thehammor, the piston r rises,

the cover of the box.

too 1 .or ports a, a but, when initslowest peel air is drawn. into the cylinder subelowithe said piston through the inlet opening t; and

when the piston nears the top of itsstroke,

through the openings 6 When therpis'ton r descends and passes the holes t and closes the valve t, the air is compressedbetween the said'piston and the bottom of the cylinder forming an elastic resistance to the downlVhen all maximum amount of compression and resistance to the downward motion of the hammer is obtained, so that the pallet or. head 10 of its the hammer does not strike the block 1 on r the anvil 2. Should, however, all theholes u, u be rapidly uncovered, the hammerwould descend with all its force. A blow oii intermediate force is obtained by uncovering a,

certained the nature of my said invention and h the power-actuating mechanism, of a piston.

working in the controlling cylinder, and an air-cylinder 8. having inlet openings t land outlet ports u u, a slide valve for the same and an adjustable rocking lever e. pivoted on 15 the frame and connected to and actuating the hammer rod, all substantially as shown and described.

DANIEL LONGWORTH. Witnesses:

STEPHEN E. GOGGIN,

SolicttonBallina St, E, Galway. WALTER R. HALTE,

3 N th. Frederick St, Dublin. 

